Kolkata set to discontinue historic Tram service

Discontinuation of Trams: Kolkata is on the verge of losing a piece of its cultural identity as the government has announced the discontinuation of its historic tram service, which dates back to 1873. Only one heritage route from Maidan to Esplanade will remain operational.

Trams first appeared in Kolkata in the 1800s, initially pulled by horses along a 3.8-kilometre route from Sealdah to Armenian Ghat Street. After a brief halt, Lord Ripon reintroduced trams in the 1880s, and by 1902, electric trams began to operate, providing a sustainable transport option.

Government's traffic concerns

These trams have been crucial for commuting in the city, allowing residents to navigate various neighbourhoods. While other major Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Chennai have abandoned trams, Kolkata has continued to support this mode of transport. 

However, the government cites increasing traffic congestion as a reason for their discontinuation. Transport Minister Snehasis Chakraborty pointed out that trams occupy a large portion of the road, leaving only 6% for other vehicles, which has led to severe traffic jams.

“Trams are certainly a cherished part of Kolkata’s history,” Chakraborty acknowledged. “Nevertheless, with the limited road area, we must consider more efficient transport solutions, including electric buses.”

​How is public reacting to it?

The decision has ignited public discontent, with groups like the Calcutta Tram Users Association (CUTA) voicing their concerns. Many argue that trams are not the root cause of traffic issues and suggest that the government focus on road improvements instead. Environmental advocates have also highlighted the ecological benefits of trams over other forms of transportation.

The Calcutta High Court is now set to examine this decision, having formed an advisory committee in June 2023 to investigate the potential for preserving and revitalising tram services.