Why Has South Korean President Yoon Declared Martial Law? Explained

For the first time since 1980, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared emergency martial law on Tuesday.

He justified the decision as necessary to protect the nation from 'communist forces' and addressed the political gridlock over a budget bill. Yoon accused the opposition Democratic Party of paralyzing the government, sympathizing with North Korea, and engaging in anti-state activities.

South Korea: Budget Disputes and Escalation

The conflict escalated after the opposition party slashed over 4 trillion won (£2.2 billion) from the government's budget proposal last week, a move Yoon argued undermined the government's functioning.

In response to the declaration, the Democratic Party called an emergency meeting of its lawmakers.

South Korea: Addressing National Security Threats

In a televised address, Yoon stated, “To safeguard a liberal South Korea from the threats posed by North Korea's communist forces and to eliminate anti-state elements, I hereby declare emergency martial law.” He pledged to eradicate pro-North Korean forces and protect the constitutional democratic order. Although specific measures were not disclosed, reports indicated that access to the parliament building was blocked.

South Korea: Economic and International Reactions

The surprise declaration caused market turbulence, with the Korean won dropping sharply against the US dollar. South Korea's central bank indicated it was ready to stabilize the market if necessary. The White House and US military command, which oversees 28,500 troops stationed in South Korea, did not immediately comment.

South Korea: Defending Democracy

Yoon defended his drastic action, stating, "I declare martial law to protect the free Republic of Korea from the threat of North Korean communist forces and the anti-state elements jeopardizing our people's freedom and happiness."